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Oxygen

Chemical Name:    Oxygen
Chemical Symbol: O in nature always O2
Atomic Number   : 8
Atomic Mass        : 15.9994
Melting Point      : - 218.4 oC
Boiling Point      : - 183   oC

Oxygen in nature can form as Ozone (O3 ) but very unstable. Oxygen and its compounds play a key role in many of biosphere is essential in the processes of respiration and metabolism, the means by which animals derive energy needed to sustain life. Furthermore, oxygen is the most abundant element at the surface of the Earth. In combine form it found in ores, earths, rocks and gemstones, as well as in all living organisms.

Oxygen is gaseous chemical element in group VIA of the periodic table. Elemental oxygen is known principally in the gaseous form as the diatomic molecule O2, which makes up 20.95% of the volume of dry air. Diatomic oxygen is colorless, odorless and tasteless.

In the 18th century scientist share the credit for fist isolating elemental oxygen. Joseph Priestlye and Carl Wilhelm Scheele. It is generally believe that Scheele was the first to isolate oxygen but that Priestley, who independently achieved the isolation of oxygen somewhat later, was the first to publicly announce his finding.

Lavoisier give oxygen its name, which is derived from two Greek words that mean "acid former." Lavoisier had the mistaken idea that oxides, when dissolved in water, would form only acids. It is true that some oxides when dissolved in water do form acids; for example, sulfur dioxide (SO2) form sulfurous acid: H2 SO3. Some oxides however, such as sodium oxide (Na2O), dissolve in water to form bases, as in the reaction to form sodium hydroxide: NaOH.

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