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Chemical Ionic Bond

A chemical bond is formed when separate atoms are brought together and the sharing or transfer of electrons occurs. Chemical bonds can be weak or strong, depending on the nature of the interactions. The chemical bond itself happen cause by a chemical reaction between atom. The physical and chemical properties of most compounds are due, in large part, to these bonding forces.

Ionic Bonding

When two or more atoms combine, a competition for the available electrons can occur that leads to a nearly complete transfer of one or more electrons. The resulting formation of an ionic bond involves the removal of an electron from one atom, a process known as ionization potential of the atom. The other atom gains an electron, and the measure of its ability to do so is known as its electron affinity. An ionic bond result from the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the negatively charged anions and positively charged cations. When atoms of sodium and chlorine are brought together, for example, tablet salt (NaCl) is formed; a more proper representation might be Na+Cl-.

Ionic bonding is common in inorganic compounds such as salt, where the charges are easily accommodates on relatively small ions. In more complex solid the ions form three dimensional arrays in which a basic framework is repeated to generate the observed structures so obvious in crystals. A single anion may shared by several adjacent cations, so that the network of packing leads to very simple lattice structures. Because the forces are relatively strong, ionic solids tend to be strong materials, to have definite patterns of cleavage, and to have melting points.

The formation of an ionic bond is the result of the competition for available electrons. A useful measure of this property is known as the electronegativity of an atom. In general, a more electronegative element will take a large share of any bonding electrons when forming a chemical bond. If a great disparity exist between the electronegativities of the atoms in a particular compound, the uneven sharing will likely result in a complete transfer of one or more electrons and the formation of an ionic bond. In laboratory this reaction can try by using of many chemical tools.

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